American Innovation In Crisis

March 4, 2009

America’s engine of innovation is sputtering – and there seems no repair in sight.

Capital available for risk taking is falling at a time when foreign scientists educated at the nation’s universities head home to places such as India.

Americas innovation ecosystem is in crisis, says Pascal Levensohn

America's innovation ecosystem is in crisis, says Pascal Levensohn

The result will be to inhibit the formation of small, innovative business ventures, says Pascal Levensohn, managing partner of the Levensohn Venture Partners.

In other words, America’s innovation leadership is in danger of faltering, Levensohn said Wednesday during a speech to the Cybersecurity Applications and Technologies Conference for Homeland Security in Washington.

“I firmly believe America’s innovation ecosystem is in crisis and that this crisis is becoming progressively more acute,” he said. “Corporate R&D budgets, new university endowment commitments to venture capital and new commitments by private investors to funding of entrepreneurs are all declining in real time,”

At a time when the nation needs to plant the seeds for the next generation of breakthrough innovations, large financial institutions rocked by the economic downturn are curtailing risk capital.

Already the U.S. has since the mid 1990s reduced overall R&D funding as a percentage of GDP and favored incremental improvements at the expense of basic research.

The nature of research has changed since the days of Bell Labs

The nature of research has changed since the days of Bell Labs

This wasn’t always the case. Wireless and optical technologies came from ambitious initiatives – symbolized by the iconic Ball Labs – illustrating the heights to which research ascended in this country. The subsequent demise of Bell Labs shows how far it has fallen.

Many Silicon Valley startups sprouted from technologies Ball Labs developed. And the Internet grew from research funded by ARPA three decades ago.

The country needs to foster stronger partnerships between government, university research organizations, corporations and entrepreneurs – particularly those that bring together experts from multiple disciplines, Levensohn said.

It also needs to make a greater commitment with funding research and enabling risk-taking in the economy.

The Obama Administration has taken good first steps by including billions of dollars of R&D investments in its stimulus plan, said Levensohn.

More must be done.


Obama Plan To Raise Taxes On Private Equity Worries VCs

March 2, 2009

Barack Obama’s plan to raise taxes on hedge funds and private-equity firms is raising the ire of venture capitalists.

Carried interest from investments would be taxed at a higher rate under Barack Obamas plan

Carried interest from investments would be taxed at a higher rate under Barack Obama's plan

The president last week made hay with a bold plan to shift wealth from America’s rich to its middle class, easing a three decades of growing income inequity in the country.

One measure to accomplish this – unveiled in the young president’s first budget – is a proposal to increase taxes on “carried interest,” the money general partners and hedge-fund managers pocket from their investment returns. The majority of the investment return goes to limited partners and investors.

Today the payout to VCs is taxed at 15 percent, the rate for capital gains. Under Obama’s plan, the rate would increase to that levied against ordinary income, or as much as 39 percent.

Such a boost would discourage people from taking jobs as venture capitalists, especially young people who have other career opportunities, says Mark Heesen, president of the National Venture Capital Association.

Of the nation’s 7,000 venture capitalists, only about 500 received carried interest checks last year, says Heesen. That’s because earning carried interest is hard. Portfolio companies take years to grow into valuable businesses that can then be sold or which can launch initial public offerings.

Many fail before they get there.

“If you put impediments in front of venture capitalists, there will be less innovation going on,” says Heesen.


Web Activist Carl Malamud Seeks To Be Government Information Czar

February 27, 2009

Carl Malamud, an activist campaigning for government information to open and available online, has launched a bid to become head of the government printing office.

Federal hearing rooms should give access to You Tube, says Carl Malamud

Federal hearing rooms should give access to You Tube, says Carl Malamud

His campaign, which has drawn the support of tech luminaries such as publisher Tim O’Reilly, professor Lawrence Lessig and blogger Cory Doctorow, calls for dramatic changes in the way government information is distributed.

Dubbed “Yes We Scan,” his platform conceives of the US government becoming one of the top 10 destinations on the Internet, with all legal materials readily available to the public, according to details available on his Web site.

The government printing office is in charge of providing access to documents and information generated by all three branches of the federal government, including the Supreme Court and the White House.

Malamud simultaneously urges all federal hearing rooms provide live, broadcast quality video to sites such as You Tube and CNN.com.

He would need to be nominated by President Obama and approved by Congress.


Electronic Discovery: Separating The Wheat From The Chaff

February 20, 2009

Discovery burdens in civil litigation are growing exponentially. There are a variety of driving factors, including the sheer magnitude of electronically stored information (ESI) and relatively recent amendments to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure that force assessment and handling of ESI early in litigation.

In the past, lawyers used to review documents for relevance, privilege and other determinations in response to production demands. However, dedicating armies of attorneys to analyze oceans of electronic data simply is not cost-effective for clients, especially in this economy.

Dedicating armies of attorneys to analyze oceans of documents is not cost effective, says Eric Sinrod

Dedicating armies of attorneys to analyze oceans of documents is not cost effective, says Eric Sinrod

So what are companies on the receiving end of broad production demands to do in seeking to meet their ediscovery obligations?

In this climate, it is not surprising that a number of providers have come out of the woodwork that offer to manage, search and cull ESI in response to discovery demands. These solutions themselves can be expensive and technically burdensome. Moreover, it can be difficult for companies to evaluate effectively the provider that is appropriate for a given case.

Clearwell Systems provides ediscovery software for early case assessment that is worthy of consideration for cases that are email-intensive in the discovery arena. Clearwell provides the ability to project potential attorney review costs, an early understanding of case facts and key players, and visual insight into chains of email discussions to allow for the pinpointing of important or otherwise missing custodians.

Importantly, Clearwell allows for easy removal of non-responsive information from email collections right up front based on simple inputted criteria, which can cut down on attorney review time in a massive way, to the substantial savings of the company. Indeed, Clearwell reports that review time can be reduced by up to 90%.

Defensible ediscovery truly requires a three-pronged approach. The client company must be involved and must be cooperative. The company must work with a law firm experienced and skilled in ediscovery matters to guide the process. And a technical solution should be put in place to facilitate, expedite and streamline the work of the attorneys. When it comes to email discovery, Clearwell provides a solution worthy of consideration.

This column was written by Eric Sinrod, an attorney at Duane Morris and a guest blogger at TechPulse 360. It was originally published at FindLaw.com.


IBM Pushes Ahead With Broadband Over Power Lines

February 19, 2009

IBM said it has begun using electrical wires to deliver broadband access to about 200,000 homeowners in rural Alabama, Indiana, Michigan and Virginia.

Effort targets rural electrical co-ops

Effort targets rural electrical co-ops

Big Blue, which is working with the power line Internet service provider International Broadband Electric Communications, said it hopes to expand the program to more of the 45 percent of Americans who don’t have broadband today.

IBEC has received low-interest loans from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Rural Development Program. IBM will provide technical expertise, project management services and training for installation crews.

According to a press release, here is how it works: “Broadband over power line technology modifies radio signals to transmit voice and Internet data over electric utility power lines. All a consumer needs is a modem that plugs into existing electrical outlets in their home or business.”

IBM and IBEC have targeted member-owned electric utility co-ops for the construction of their Internet over power line networks. IBM did not say what speeds its expects to achieve.


Apple Fights Non-App Store Apps For The IPhone

February 13, 2009

Apple has offered a strident defense of its iPhone App Store, claiming that circumventing the DRM protection it offers could have disastrous consequences for the phone’s function.

The Electronic Frontier Foundation is seeking an exemption for non-App Store apps

The Electronic Frontier Foundation is seeking an exemption for non-App Store apps

In an interesting blog entry, Ars Technica notes that every three years, the copyright office considers exemptions to the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.

This year, the Electronic Frontier Foundation is seeking an exemption for people who want to run iPhone applications that don’t come from the official App Store – in effect, jailbreaking the phone.

Apple responds that “Congress did not envision the DMCA exemption process as a forum for economic restructuring of business models” and that doing so would “hinder the creation and distribution of creative works for the platform.”

The company adds that DRM (or digital rights management software) guards the phone’s operating system from modifications. “If modifications of the OS were to interfere with these control functions [volume governors, temperature sensors, charging circuitry], even unintentionally, the phone could be physically damaged or the battery could be overcharged.”

Modification might as well affect the baseband processor, which could “cause operational damage to the [cell] network,” the post says.

Apple says its support staff receives millions of reported problems from jailbroken iPhones.

Read the full post here.


WiMax Networks To Almost Double In Size By 2010

February 11, 2009

The number of people with access to the high-speed wireless technology WiMax will nearly double by the end of 2010 to 800 million, according to the WiMax Forum.

WiMax is critical to computer industry growth, says Sean Maloney

WiMax is critical to computer industry growth, says Sean Maloney

Service providers around the world presently have networks that can reach 430 people, but plan to expand their coverage, the forum said on Wednesday.

The projection from the trade organization came as Intel Executive Vice President Sean Maloney continued to sing WiMax’s praises as a stepping stone to future growth in the computer industry.

“If we don’t get the next 500 million to 1 billion (people) hooked up, the whole computer industry will slow down,” Maloney said on a conference call.

However, his comments collided with the reality that the downturn was making financing network expansion difficult. Also on Wednesday, Clearwire CEO Ben Wolff said tight credit markets were challenges as the WiMax service provider seeks to expand its network to reach almost half the U.S. population by 2010.

Maloney dismissed the concerns saying Clearwire has enough capital to keep going for a while.

He also said it would be shame if government financial rescue funds didn’t go to build the infrastructure for tomorrow’s broadband networks, such as WiMax.

WiMax has a two to three year lead over the 4G technology LTE, he said.


Nearly 40% Of TV Stations Buck Congress And Plan To Go Digital Next Week

February 11, 2009

Almost 40 percent of the nation’s television stations are resisting Congress and the Obama Administration by saying they are prepared to switch to digital signals next week.

The FCC has to approve each stations switch, says Michael Copps

The FCC has to approve each station's switch, says Michael Copps

The names of the 681 stations are listed on the Federal Communications Commission’s Web site, and their actions represent in essence an uprising to the government’s demand that the switch be delayed until June 12.

The original deadline had been Feb. 17, but President Barack Obama had asked for the delay because some viewers are not prepared for it with digital converter boxes and new antennas.

Most of American television viewers – about 85 percent – won’t be affected because they get television signals from cable companies or by satellite.

The number of stations rebelling to the delay is greater than originally reported, suggesting that a delay would hamper their plans for their networks and infrastructures and that maintaining traditional over-the-air analog signals would cost them money.

In a comment Wednesday morning, FCC head Michael Copps said the agency may block some stations from moving ahead with their plans. The FCC has to approve each station’s switch.


John Doerr And Charles Phillips Named By Obama To Board

February 6, 2009

President Barack Obama named two prominent high-tech executives to an Economic Recovery Advisory Board on Friday, adding to Silicon Valley’s clout in Washington.

Oracles Charles Phillips named to presidential advisory board

Oracle's Charles Phillips named to presidential advisory board

Named by the president were John Doerr, a partner at the venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, and Charles Phillips, a president at Oracle.

“I created this board to enlist voices to come from beyond the Washington echo chamber,” Obama said in brief remarks. “I also want to be sure that we’re tapping a broad and diverse range of opinion from across the country, because a historic crisis demands a historic response.”

The newly created board includes high-pedigree executives from manufacturing, finance and labor. It is to be headed by Paul Volcker, an economist and former chairman of the Federal Reserve.

The other members are:

*William H. Donaldson, former SEC chair;
*Roger W. Ferguson, Jr., President & CEO, TIAA-CREF
*Robert Wolf, Chairman & CEO, UBS Group Americas
*David F. Swensen, CIO, Yale University
*Mark T. Gallogly, Founder & Managing Partner, Centerbridge Partners L.P.
*Penny Pritzker, Chairman & Founder, Pritzker Realty Group
*Jeffrey R. Immelt, CEO, GE
*Jim Owens, Chairman and CEO, Caterpillar Inc.
*Monica C. Lozano, Publisher & Chief Executive Officer, La Opinion
*Anna Burger, Chair, Change to Win
*Richard L. Trumka, Secretary-Treasurer, AFL-CIO
*Laura D’Andrea Tyson, Dean, Haas School of Business at the University of California at Berkeley
*Martin Feldstein, George F. Baker Professor of Economics, Harvard University


Information Technology Can Help In Repairing National Infrastructure

February 6, 2009

There is no question that our nation’s infrastructure is crying out for repair, as highlighted by a number of bridge failures, levee breaks, and other disasters over recent years.

It is not entirely surprising then, given the deteriorating infrastructure and an anemic economy that truly needs a dose of job creation, that the new administration seeks to repair our infrastructure through stimulus funding.

Not to be lost in the shuffle is how information technology can assist in this effort.

A national clearinghouse and database for infrastructure issues would help, says Eric Sinrod

A national clearinghouse and database for infrastructure issues would help, says Eric Sinrod

Barry B. LePartner, a construction expert, has come forward with several infrastructure repair solutions. Among them, is his suggestion that a national clearinghouse and database should be created that would be accessible to every state transportation agency as well as the general public.

The purpose of the database would be to identify all design and construction issues impacting the U.S. infrastructure. This database then could be used to allow federal authorities to alert all state transportation departments of any infrastructure failure along with methodologies for remedial design to prevent further problems. Furthermore, the alerts could provide guidance as to maintenance issues relating to different infrastructure elements.

The real point is to allow for immediate transmission of information to address infrastructure problems as they happen or, even better, proactively. Infrastructure issues should not remain “buried” in state files, and politicians no longer should punt problems into the future beyond their own tenure in office.

In other contexts, industry alerts have proven helpful. The airline industry, through the FAA, apparently has been receiving alerts providing immediate information relating to problems with an aircraft and directing immediate attention prior to similar aircraft being placed back in service.

Information is power. And here, power can be unleashed positively to help protect the public when it comes to our nation’s dilapidated infrastructure.

This column was written by Eric Sinrod, an attorney at Duane Morris and a guest blogger at TechPulse 360. It was originally published on FindLaw.com.


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